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Barrios González, Candelaria; Flores, Esther; Martínez, M. Ángeles – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2021
Countries' scientific systems are a key element of the knowledge economy. This paper explores the convergence pattern of the scientific systems of a wide range of countries around the world during the period 2003-2016. Drawing on data on national scientific production from a sample of 121 developed and developing countries, the log t test…
Descriptors: Scientific Research, Knowledge Economy, Developing Nations, Developed Nations
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Calvert, Jane – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2004
Today, there is increasing concern about the health of "basic research", yet considerable disagreement about its definition. This paper examines the way in which the term is used in everyday practice. Drawing upon interviews with British and American scientists and policy-makers, we identify six different definitions currently in use.…
Descriptors: Definitions, Scientific Research, Foreign Countries, Scientists