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Direct linkCaldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Educational Psychology, 2020
Although many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Download full textCaldarella, Paul; Larsen, Ross A. A.; Williams, Leslie; Downs, Kade R.; Wills, Howard P.; Wehby, Joseph H. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Though many educators are familiar with a suggested 3:1 or 4:1 praise-to-reprimand ratio (PRR), relatively little research has been conducted on this subject. Three years of data collected across three states in the United States, from 19 elementary schools and 151 classrooms, during a multi-site efficacy trial were used to analyse the effect of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Learner Engagement, Time on Task, Classroom Techniques
Lomascolo, David J.; Angelle, Pamela S. – Middle Grades Research Journal, 2017
The Common Planning Time Project of the Middle Level Education Research Special Interest Group (MLER SIG) of the American Educational Research Association provided an avenue through which researchers from throughout the United States could investigate numerous aspects of common planning time in schools. Although several studies have investigated…
Descriptors: Educational Planning, Time Management, Statistical Analysis, Middle School Teachers
