COVID-19 has upset the traditional ways of teaching and looks set to continue to have an impact in the coming years. The situation in Taiwan--partial disruption and then an early return to classes--allows for a comparison of student performance in a conventional teaching and testing environment with the non-contact teaching/testing environment…

E-learning provides a convenient and efficient way for learning. Formative assessment not only guides student in instruction and learning, diagnose skill or knowledge gaps, but also measures progress and evaluation. An efficient and convenient e-learning formative assessment system is the key character for e-learning. However, most e-learning…

In the past decades, English learning has received lots of attention all over the world, especially for those who are not native English speakers. Various English learning and testing systems have been developed on the Internet. Nevertheless, most existing English testing systems represent the learning status of a student by assigning that student…