Collected is information provided by Cuba, Japan, Kenya, and Sweden on the historical background, the present situation, and the future outlook of their systems of special education. Introductory comments compare the national systems in terms of historical developments, arrangements for identifying the handicapped, special educational provisions,…

The purpose of the paper is to give a comprehensive view of the attitudes toward vocational education as it exists in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden. Norway has many one and two room schools on the primary level, but has a well-developed vocational school system. Training is provided before apprenticeship through workshop-schools or during…

Described are residential and educational services provided for mentally retarded (MC) children and adults in Sweden. Normalization is the focus of the services which make maximum use of mental and physical capacities to reduce the handicap of mental retardation. Described are general principles, and four stages involving development of services…

Ten brief case studies illustrate the types of arrangements which have been made between commissions and evaluators, and describe some of the subsequent problems. Each of the cases is a major evaluative study of a large-scale educational development or school operation. For the collection as a whole, the purpose was to illustrate how the…