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Lervag, Arne; Hulme, Charles – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2010
We examined the growth of spelling skills in a large sample of Norwegian children (N = 228) over the first 3 years in school. The roles of phoneme awareness, letter knowledge, rapid automatized naming (RAN), visual-verbal paired-associate learning, and verbal short-term memory as predictors of later spelling skills were examined. Phoneme awareness…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Spelling, Reading Skills, Skill Development
Lervag, Arne; Braten, Ivar; Hulme, Charles – Developmental Psychology, 2009
The authors present the results of a 2-year longitudinal study of 228 Norwegian children beginning some 12 months before formal reading instruction began. The relationships between a range of cognitive and linguistic skills (letter knowledge, phoneme manipulation, visual-verbal paired-associate learning, rapid automatized naming (RAN), short-term…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Phonemes, Early Reading, Paired Associate Learning

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