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Morley, Arthur – Mathematics Teaching, 1978
Described are two methods of calculating developed by the Dutch WISKOBAS Project: addition and subtraction with a loop abacus and multiplication using a grid model. (MP)
Descriptors: Addition, Algorithms, Cognitive Development, Computation
Peer reviewedKlein, Anton S.; Beishuizen, Meindert; Treffers, Adri – Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1998
Compares two experimental programs for teaching mental addition and subtraction in the Dutch second grade (N=275). Discusses realistic program design (RPD) and gradual program design (GPD). Concludes that RPD pupils show a more varied use of solution procedures than GPD pupils. Contains 46 references. (Author/ASK)
Descriptors: Addition, Arithmetic, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation
