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Cognitive Deficits in Problematic Drinkers with and without Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability
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van Duijvenbode, Neomi; Didden, Robert; VanDerNagel, Joanne E. L.; Korzilius, Hubert P. L. M.; Engels, Rutger C. M. E. – Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 2018
We examined cognitive deficits in problematic drinkers with and without mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID). Problematic drinkers were expected to show a significantly lower estimated performance IQ (PIQ), but not a lower estimated verbal IQ (VIQ), compared to light drinkers. Participants (N = 474) were divided into four groups based…
Descriptors: Mild Intellectual Disability, Alcohol Abuse, Foreign Countries, Adults
Everybody Is…Drinking! Interpretation Bias in Problematic Drinkers with and without Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability
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van Duijvenbode, Neomi; Didden, Robert; Korzilius, Hubert P. L. M.; Engels, Rutger C. M. E. – Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2016
Background: Problematic alcohol use is characterized by disrupted associative processing of environmental clues, where problematic drinkers interpret ambiguous, alcohol-relevant clues in an alcohol-related way. The present study examined the strength of this interpretation bias in a large sample (N = 230) of light and problematic drinkers with and…
Descriptors: Drinking, Alcohol Abuse, Environmental Influences, Mild Intellectual Disability
Reactive and Proactive Interference Control in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder across the Lifespan
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Lever, Anne G.; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard; Marsman, Maarten; Geurts, Hilde M. – Developmental Psychology, 2017
As a large heterogeneity is observed across studies on interference control in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), research may benefit from the use of a cognitive framework that models specific processes underlying reactive and proactive control of interference. Reactive control refers to the expression and suppression of responses and proactive…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Responses, Self Control
Temperament and Character as Endophenotype in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders or Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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Sizoo, Bram B.; van der Gaag, Rutger Jan; van den Brink, Wim – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2015
Autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder overlap in several ways, raising questions about the nature of this comorbidity. Rommelse et al. published an innovative review of candidate endophenotypes for autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in cognitive and brain domains. They found that…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Psychological Patterns, Autism, Adults