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Direct linkTakunori Terasawa; So Sudo; Takeshi Kajigaya; Ryosuke Aoyama; Ryuko Kubota – Current Issues in Language Planning, 2025
This paper examines recent reforms in English-language testing in Japan using a policy distraction framework. We identify the term 'washback (effect)' and other related discourses as major distractors and investigate how 'washback' discourses have functioned as political slogans or catchphrases in policy deliberation processes and how they have…
Descriptors: Testing Problems, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
