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Contribution of Executive Functions to Learning Sequential Actions in Young Children
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Yanaoka, Kaichi; Saito, Satoru – Child Development, 2021
This study examined whether executive functions impact how flexibly children represent task context in performing repeated sequential actions. Japanese children in Experiments 1 (N = 52; 3-6 years) and 2 (N = 50, 4-6 years) performed sequential actions repeatedly; one group received reminders. Experiment 1 indicated that reminders promote flexible…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Sequential Learning, Children, Foreign Countries
Linguistic Effects on Children's Encoding and Decoding Performance in Japan, the United States, and England.
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Foorman, Barbara R.; Kinoshita, Yoshiko – Child Development, 1983
A referential communication task was used to compare the effects of linguistic structure on the encoding and decoding performances of 120 five- and seven-year-old children. Results suggested that differences in adjective ordering rules and stylistic variation affect encoding and decoding accuracy. (Author/MP)
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Individual Differences
Japanese and American Children's Evaluations of Peer Exclusion, Tolerance of Differences, and Prescriptions for Conformity.
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Killen, Melanie; Crystal, David S.; Watanabe, Hirozumi – Child Development, 2002
Surveyed fourth-, seventh-, and tenth-graders in Japan and the United States regarding evaluations of peer group exclusion of atypical peers. Found that with increasing age, children demonstrated sensitivity to context (reason the peer was different) and believed that the excluded child should not change to be accepted. Girls were less willing to…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Childhood Attitudes, Children