This study examined the role of positive and negative feedback on goal commitment and energy investment among English as a foreign language learners who experienced directed motivational currents (DMCs). To this purpose, a systematic methodology was used to identify language learners with a DMC experience (six students, four females, two males,…

This study aimed to investigate whether and how willingness to communicate, communication in English anxiety, behavioural inhibition and action predict perceived second language (L2) fluency. The study also looked at whether L2 proficiency moderates the strength of relationships between these affective factors and L2 perceived fluency. One hundred…

As testing involves various aspects of education as well as the ones who are involved like instructors, students, managers, teacher trainers, testers, and decision-makers, it comes to be highly crucial to develop ethical tests. In addition, as some methods of testing are more favored and practiced compared to others without considering the ethical…

This study investigates the effect of interactive games on improving reading comprehension skills and attitudes toward games among Iranian learners of English as a foreign language. In this quantitative study, the participants in the control group received reading comprehension instruction through traditional models of teaching reading while the…

Research suggests that English for Specific Purposes (ESP) students in English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) contexts have difficulties understanding the passages in technical English textbooks of various fields of study including computer software engineering. Few experimental studies to date have investigated the effect of an online hybrid reading…

Research has shown that the home digital literacy practices of children are shaped based on their parents' mediation strategies. While there is extensive literature on parental mediation strategies for children's digital media use as well as first language learning, this line of inquiry is not extensively explored in the context of second language…

This research set to examine the impacts of collaborative learning (CL), scaffolding instruction, and self-assessment on reading anxiety, reading motivation, and reading comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. Based on Preliminary English Test (PET) results, a sample of 58 students was chosen to represent the study's sample subject out of a total…

The significance of producing socially appropriate utterances, not just linguistically correct ones, has given rise to a plethora of studies on speech acts. In this regard, the performance of second and foreign language learners against the norms of the target language and the factors affecting them have yet to be thoroughly investigated. To…

Cultural discontinuity is recognized as a culturally motivated academic process where sociocultural behaviors and communicative skills valued in the home culture of students are discontinued at school thus resulting in their low academic performance. This process may be reinforced by structural inequality in the mainstream society and education…

The present study investigated Iranian EFL teachers' alternative assessment literacy (AAL). The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed methods design, including qualitative and quantitative approaches. To achieve more accurate results, the AAL inventory (Mertler & Campbell, 2005) and an interview with ten teachers (to explore their…

In this enquiry, I (the first author) as a teacher of English as a foreign language (EFL) reflect on my own deep-seated reluctance to use pair/group work activities in my classroom, although I am aware of the benefits of pair/group activities for second language (L2) learning as abundantly documented in empirical studies. Through an…

The study explored Engineering students' and their instructors' knowledge and use of tools, applications, and websites; their interests, abilities, and attitudes to using technology; and their views about the advantages and challenges of using technology in the academic listening classes. The participants were 184 undergraduate students of…

Despite the growth of knowledge on teacher emotional tensions and identities, little research has explored how emotional tensions shape teacher identity development within teacher education courses. This study explored the contributions of a professional learning community (PLC) structured around sharing and discussing emotional tensions to eight…

Despite a body of research into gender representation in textbooks for English as a foreign language, little empirical evidence has been published on Iranian English textbooks. To fill this void, the present study examined gender representation and construction in a recently developed Iranian English Language course book series. In so doing,…

Developing teachers' imagined identity, which refers to the ideal self as a professional based on virtual relationships between self and others, is essential to help teachers with future teaching practices. Drawing on Activity Theory, this study aimed to explore the role of the Professional Learning Community (PLC) in developing 12 Iranian EFL…