Reading implies something complex which needs the students to experience, foresee, examine, and admit information based on their background of knowledge. It will be more complex if they lack of Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). HOTS improves reading comprehension and in consequence, the teachers must create a teaching and learning activities…

The present study attempts to investigate the grammatical error performances in Indonesia EFL learners' writing through the framework of Error Analysis (EA). The errors are examined and categorized based on the integration of linguistic and surface strategy to gain detailed and comprehensive results. This study was conducted through a qualitative…

The advent of technology has enabled the implementation of e-portfolio in students speaking performance to collect and store their artifacts online. With the implementation of technology, e-portfolio tends to be incorporated with flipped classrooms. Previous studies, however, failed to consider the implementation of this incorporation, especially…

Motivation is one of main determinant factor in learning second or foreign language. There are two types of motivation, which are integrative and instrumental motivation. Both of them play an essential role of the success in learning second or foreign language. Unfortunately, there is some debate about which kind of motivation is important for…