Access to internet has exposed today's learners to wide pool of knowledge. But acquisition of information, analyzing, and applying it depends upon the learner's level of preparedness and engagement. Using the method of experiment the researchers tried to understand how the effectiveness of self-directed learning and instructor-led learning varies…

The digital age has opened up new and exciting opportunities for Open and Distance Learning (ODL) in universities. But, is going digital reinforcing the existing social inequalities? This qualitative research examines the three levels of digital divide and digital inequality among learners at India's National Open University, IGNOU. The findings…