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Do Goals Lead to Outcomes or Can It Be the Other Way Around?: Causal Ordering of Mastery Goals, Metacognitive Strategies, and Achievement
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King, Ronnel B.; McInerney, Dennis M. – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
Background: Goal theory research has mostly focused on the unidirectional effects of goals on learning strategies and academic achievement. Reciprocal relationships have mostly been neglected. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to examine the reciprocal relations and causal ordering of mastery goals, metacognitive strategy use, and academic…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Goal Orientation, Academic Achievement, Mastery Learning
Distance Learners' Multiple Goals, Learning and Achievement in Different Learning Situations
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Ng, Clarence – Distance Education, 2017
Can mastery and performance-approach goals predict distance learners' learning and achievement in different learning situations over an academic year? Using a prospective longitudinal design, the current study examined this research question using a cohort of distance learners in Hong Kong. Two hundred and seventy-two distance learners completed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Distance Education, Adult Learning, Mastery Learning
Learners' Goal Profiles and Their Learning Patterns over an Academic Year
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Ng, Clarence – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2015
The present study aimed to examine distance learners' goal profiles and their contrasting patterns of learning and achievements at three different points during an academic year, i.e. in the beginning of the course in relation to learners' general orientations to learning, at the middle of the course in relation to learners' completion of an…
Descriptors: Goal Orientation, Student Characteristics, Adult Learning, Adult Students
Multiple Goals in a Hong Kong Chinese Educational Context: An Investigation of Developmental Trends and Learning Outcomes
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Watkins, David; Hattie, John – Australian Journal of Education, 2012
Social goals have also been proposed as important additions to mastery and performance goals in educational contexts, particularly in non-Western cultures but no study has yet tested the possibility that such goals can also combine with mastery and performance goals leading to superior learning outcomes. Longitudinal studies are also rare in this…
Descriptors: Student Motivation, Outcomes of Education, Learning Strategies, Foreign Countries
Examining Hong Kong Students' Achievement Goals and Their Relations with Students' Perceived Classroom Environment and Strategy Use
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Lau, Kit-Ling; Lee, John – Educational Psychology, 2008
This study examined Hong Kong students' achievement goals and their relations with students' perceived classroom environment and strategy use based on the multiple goal perspective of goal orientation theory. A total of 925 Grade 8 students from six secondary schools in Hong Kong voluntarily responded to a questionnaire that measured these three…
Descriptors: Teacher Effectiveness, Goal Orientation, Student Motivation, Instructional Effectiveness
Multiple-Goal Learners and Their Differential Patterns of Learning
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Ng, Chi-hung Clarence – Educational Psychology, 2008
The hypothesis in this study was that different types of multiple-goal learners would have different patterns of learning. A sample of 797 adult distance learners enrolled in different programs offered by a distance learning university in Hong Kong completed a questionnaire assessing their goals, use of strategies, motivational beliefs, and…
Descriptors: Distance Education, Learning Strategies, Student Motivation, Foreign Countries