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Direct linkSchindler, Julia; Richter, Tobias; Isberner, Maj-Britt; Naumann, Johannes; Neeb, Yvonne – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2018
Reading comprehension is based on the efficient accomplishment of several cognitive processes at the word, sentence, and text level. To the extent that each of these processes contributes to reading comprehension, it can cause reading difficulties if it is deficient. To identify individual sources of reading difficulties, tools are required that…
Descriptors: Construct Validity, Language Tests, Grammar, Task Analysis
Peer reviewedIngenkamp, K.; Wolf, B. – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 1982
Two studies of the oral secondary school leaving examinations in Germany indicated variances in ratings made by different teachers. The differences were significantly influenced by speed of speaking, background information about past achievement, and contrast of performance related to sequence of presentation. (Author/MJL)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Examiners, Experimenter Characteristics, Foreign Countries
