This paper aims to address Digital Readiness in Higher Education Institutions from the perspective of data-informed and evidence-based assessment of Digital Readiness. Related research suggests that existing instruments for assessing digitalization aspects are limited to self-assessment, and there is a need for data-informed frameworks that will…

Background: With digital technologies, competence assessments can provide process data, such as mouse clicks with corresponding timestamps, as additional information about the skills and strategies of test takers. However, in order to use variables generated from process data sensibly for educational purposes, their interpretation needs to be…