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Harsch, Claudia; Kanistra, Voula Paraskevi – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2020
We report on a standard-setting project in which the Item-Descriptor-Matching Method (IDM) and a complementary benchmarking approach were employed to align a suite of English language proficiency exams to the "Common European Framework of Reference" (CEFR), with a particular focus on the integrated and independent writing exams. Judges'…
Descriptors: Standard Setting, Guidelines, Rating Scales, Definitions
Guggenheim, Eric Fries, Ed. – 2002
This document contains papers from a 2-day meeting on identification, evaluation, and recognition of nonformal learning in the European Union. The following papers are included: "Identification, Assessment, and Recognition of Non-Formal Learning: European Tendencies" (Jens Bjornavold); "Why Measure Human Capital?" (Riel…
Descriptors: Academic Standards, Adult Learning, Comparative Analysis, Competence

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