Background Study: The effects of the flipped classroom (FC) on students' academic performance remain ambiguous, and the use of pre-class videos may be one of the main factors hindering students' progress. A software package called GeoGebra has been proposed as a substitute for pre-class videos to aid students' learning. Objective: This study…

This research aims to use hierarchical topic maps to compile digital learning material and to discuss its design and application possibilities. The system renders tremendous original assets and then embeds a self-organizing map (SOM) in the material database to produce topical learning materials, as in this case, an illustration through Chinese…