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Siddiqui, Hasan; Rutherford, M. D. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Essentialism is the intuition that category membership relies on an invisible essence. Essentialist thinking about social categories is most evident in young children, while comparable methods do not reveal essentialist thinking about social groups in adult participants. However, previous work has found that essentialist thinking about gender was…
Descriptors: Intuition, Self Concept, Social Differences, Group Membership
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Pennycook, Gordon; Trippas, Dries; Handley, Simon J.; Thompson, Valerie A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Base-rate neglect refers to the tendency for people to underweight base-rate probabilities in favor of diagnostic information. It is commonly held that base-rate neglect occurs because effortful (Type 2) reasoning is required to process base-rate information, whereas diagnostic information is accessible to fast, intuitive (Type 1) processing…
Descriptors: Probability, Intuition, Cognitive Processes, Physicians