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Direct linkCampbell, Jamie I. D.; Beech, Leah C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Several types of converging evidence have suggested recently that skilled adults solve very simple addition problems (e.g., 2 + 1, 4 + 2) using a fast, unconscious counting algorithm. These results stand in opposition to the long-held assumption in the cognitive arithmetic literature that such simple addition problems normally are solved by fact…
Descriptors: Adults, Addition, Mathematics, Generalization
Peer reviewedBrainerd, Charles J. – Child Development, 1983
Presents a stochastic model for distinguishing mental arithmetic errors according to causes of failure. A series of experiments (1) studied questions of goodness of fit and model validity among four and five year olds and (2) used the model to measure the relative contributions of developmental improvements in short-term memory and arithmetical…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development, Early Childhood Education
