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Howard, Keith E.; Anderson, Kenneth A. – Middle Grades Research Journal, 2010
Stereotype threat research has demonstrated how presenting situational cues in a testing environment, such as raising the salience of negative stereotypes, can adversely affect test performance (Perry, Steele, & Hilliard, 2003; Steele & Aronson, 1995) and expectancy (Cadinu, Maass, Frigerio, Impagliazzo, & Latinotti, 2003; Stangor,…
Descriptors: Cues, Stereotypes, Standardized Tests, Foreign Countries
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Shavelson, Richard J.; Baxter, Gail P. – Educational Leadership, 1992
A recent study compared hands-on scientific inquiry assessment to assessments involving lab notebooks, computer simulations, short-answer paper-and-pencil problems, and multiple-choice questions. Creating high quality performance assessments is a costly, time-consuming process requiring considerable scientific and technological know-how. Improved…
Descriptors: Computer Simulation, Costs, Elementary Education, Experiential Learning