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Antony, James W.; Bennion, Kelly A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Semantic similarity between stimuli can lead to false memories and can also potentially cause retroactive interference (RI) for veridical memories. Here, participants first learned spatial locations for "critical" words that reliably produce false memories in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm. Next, participants centrally viewed…
Descriptors: Semantics, Task Analysis, Spatial Ability, Ambiguity (Semantics)
Gulacar, Ozcan; Milkey, Alexandra; Eilks, Ingo – EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2020
Chemistry is traditionally perceived as difficult to comprehend. Its mastery requires that a variety of concepts be linked to form an organized knowledge system. The connections need to be made not only between the concepts associated with the macroscopic level of the chemistry triplet but also between the submicroscopic and symbolic levels. Many…
Descriptors: Chemistry, Science Instruction, Knowledge Level, Mastery Learning
Lew, Timothy F.; Pashler, Harold E.; Vul, Edward – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
What happens to memories as we forget? They might gradually lose fidelity, lose their associations (and thus be retrieved in response to the incorrect cues), or be completely lost. Typical long-term memory studies assess memory as a binary outcome (correct/incorrect), and cannot distinguish these different kinds of forgetting. Here we assess…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Long Term Memory, Learning, Visual Stimuli
Penaloza, Alan A.; Calvillo, Dustin P. – Creativity Research Journal, 2012
An incubation effect occurs when taking a break from a problem helps solvers arrive at the correct solution more often than working on it continuously. The forgetting-fixation account, a popular explanation of how incubation works, posits that a break from a problem allows the solver to forget the incorrect path to the solution and finally access…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Scores, Psychology, Teaching Methods
AMSTER, HARRIETT – 1966
THE GENERAL PROBLEM UNDER INVESTIGATION CONCERNED TWO PROCESSES OF CONCEPT FORMATION - THE DEDUCTIVE REASONING PROCESS AND THE ASSOCIATIVE PROCESS - EMPLOYED BY CHILDREN OF ELEMENTARY-SCHOOL AGE. IT WAS ASSUMED THAT BOTH OF THESE PROCESSES ARE FOUND IN VARYING DEGREES AMONG CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGES AND MENTAL ABILITIES, DEPENDING UPON THE…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Concept Teaching
JEFFREY, W.E.; SAMUELS, S. JAY – 1967
IN A THREE-STAGE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE PHONIC AND LOOK-SAY METHODS OF READING ON THE TRANSFER OF READING SKILLS, 60 KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN WERE DIVIDED INTO A LETTER GROUP, A WORD GROUP, AND A CONTROL GROUP. MATERIALS USED WERE SIX GRAPHEMES DESIGNED DIFFERENTLY FROM ENGLISH LETTERS AND ASSIGNED TO SIX SINGLE ENGLISH PHONEMES. DURING STAGE…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Graphemes, Phonemes, Phonetic Analysis
SAMUELS, S. JAY – 1966
AN EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF 2-WORD ASSOCIATIONS IN LEARNING TO READ THE SECOND WORD OF A 2-WORD CHAIN. ABOUT 45 FIRST AND SECOND GRADE STUDENTS WERE CHOSEN AS SUBJECTS AFTER PRETESTING TO INSURE THEY WERE ABLE TO READ THE FIRST (STIMULUS) WORD BUT NOT THE SECOND (RESPONSE) WORD OF EACH WORD PAIR USED IN THE STUDY. EIGHT…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Learning Experience, Primary Education, Reading Achievement
Ortiz, Flora Ida; Morelan, Steve J. – 1974
The effect of cognitive style and learning conditions on the rote verbal learning performance of Mexican American subjects classified as field independent or field dependent was investigated. Field dependent referred to a strong perceptual influence caused by the context or background while field independent referred to an ability to overcome the…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Bilingual Education, Cognitive Processes, Educational Research