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Crimston, Jessica; Redshaw, Jonathan; Suddendorf, Thomas – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Previous research has suggested that infants are able to distinguish between possible and impossible events and make basic probabilistic inferences. However, much of this research has focused on children's intuitions about past events for which the outcome is already determined but unknown. Here, we investigated children's ability to use…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Thinking Skills, Intuition, Discrimination Learning
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Hayes, Brett K.; Stephens, Rachel G.; Lee, Michael D.; Dunn, John C.; Kaluve, Anagha; Choi-Christou, Jasmine; Cruz, Nicole – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Much recent research and theorizing in the field of reasoning has been concerned with intuitive sensitivity to logical validity, such as the logic-brightness effect, in which logically valid arguments are judged to have a "brighter" typeface than invalid arguments. We propose and test a novel signal competition account of this…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Logical Thinking, Intuition, Comprehension
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Don, Hilary J.; Goldwater, Micah B.; Greenaway, Justine K.; Hutchings, Rosalind; Livesey, Evan J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Failure to learn and generalize abstract relational rules has critical implications for education. In this study, we aimed to determine which training conditions facilitate relational transfer in a relatively simple (patterning) discrimination versus a relatively complex (biconditional) discrimination. The amount of training participants received…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Transfer of Training, Cognitive Processes, Reflection
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Lee, Jessica C.; Hayes, Brett K.; Lovibond, Peter F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two experiments tested whether a peak-shifted generalization gradient could be explained by the averaging of distinct gradients displayed in subgroups reporting different generalization rules. Across experiments using a causal judgment task (Experiment 1) and a fear conditioning paradigm (Experiment 2), we found a close concordance between…
Descriptors: Generalization, Associative Learning, Discrimination Learning, Learning Theories
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Hansen, Louise; Cottrell, David – Journal of Experimental Education, 2013
Advocates of modality preference posit that individuals have a dominant sense and that when new material is presented in this preferred modality, learning is enhanced. Despite the widespread belief in this position, there is little supporting evidence. In the present study, the authors implemented a Morse code-like recall task to examine whether…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Learning Modalities, Recall (Psychology), Experiments
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Williamson, Ann M.; McKenzie, B. E. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1979
Three experiments examined the effect of different kinds of background features on children's orientation discrimination. A fourth experiment tested the hypothesis that errors in discrimination of obliques can be attributed mainly to confusion over the left-right direction of tilt. Subjects were 160 five-year-old and 20 seven-year-old children.…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Elementary School Students, Foreign Countries, Memory
Halford, Graeme S.; Leitch, Elizabeth – 1988
Three studies were conducted to investigate reasons for the difficulties that children under 5 years of age experience with class inclusion tasks. The studies tested the claim that such tasks have a structural complexity that is beyond the children's processing ability. In experiment 1, class inclusion tasks were compared with other classification…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Classification, Cognitive Ability, Difficulty Level
McMahon, Olive – 1984
School children frequently fail to adequately understand terms associated with musical pitch although research shows that even infants with normal hearing can perceptually discriminate fine pitch variations. This study investigated children's perceptions of dimensions of sound by focusing on their choice of musical sounds and relevant…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Discrimination Learning, Early Childhood Education, Foreign Countries