Results of a study of an experimental and demonstration job training project (Chicago JOBS Project) for approximately 1,500 underemployed "functionally illiterate" inner-city Negro youth are reported. The project, which lasted from September of 1963 to the summer of 1964, included basic education, vocational training, and group and personal counseling. The study focused on individual rather than program factors related to success, using data derived from questionnaires and interviews with 339 trainees, their mothers, job supervisors, and project staff. A secondary focus of the study was more on the training program itself and reactions of the trainees to the different aspects of the program. Trainees were interviewed upon entering the project, at its completion, and again six to nine months after leaving it. Among the conclusions were: (1) Skill training is clearly the most significant aspect of these manpower programs, even when heavy emphasis is placed on other things, (2) Basic education components of these programs must focus around content that is clearly and obviously job-related, (3) The counselor's personal interest, sympathy, and supportive functions may be more important than the more formal socializing functions, and (4) While the post-training employment of program completers was more regular than that of dropouts, there were no significant wage differences. (ET)