Despite the availability of relevant knowledge to guide policy formulation, and in spite of financial resources appropriated to support the developmental process, policies and procedures related to child identification in Public Law 99-457 (Part H), state plans are inconsistent with both contemporary research and Congressional expectation. Eleven factors in this problem are identified, including: (1) absence of financial resources is not the most significant impediment to implementing coordinated programs for children and families; (2) capacity to generate knowledge exceeds ability to apply it; (3) knowledge regarding the prevention of disability and vulnerability is underutilized; (4) formal structures for promoting and facilitating knowledge application in decision making do not exist; (5) administrative structures supporting coordinated health, education, and social service programs do not exist; and (6) policy and funding decisions are only marginally affected by knowledge bases. An aggressive, multifaceted initiative is needed which can make available accurate and germane information about children and their families, broaden the agenda and arena of debate around existing systems, and promote alternative ways of nurturing children and families. Specific actions are recommended. (Approximately 50 references.) (JDD)