This book considers legal questions, theoretical issues, and practical methods for meeting the assessment needs of students with disabilities. It is comprised of ten chapters and includes test accommodation topics relating to federal and state regulations (including the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997), problems concerning reliability and validity, and practical strategies for planning test accommodations and adapting and modifying tests. In Chapter 1, "Regulations and Accommodations," a general foundation for making test accommodations is provided, and in Chapter 2, "Test Accommodation Reliability and Validity," important issues relating to the reliability and validity of test accommodations are presented. In Chapter 3, "Test Accommodation Planning," the need for general test accommodations planning is discussed, and Chapter 4, "IEP Test Accommodations," deals primarily with test accommodations designated by Individualized Education Programs. Chapter 5, "Test Adaptations," Chapter 6, "Test Format Modifications," Chapter 7, "Scheduling and Time Modifications," and Chapter 8, "Response Modifications," are concerned with problems, techniques and strategies relating to test accommodations. In Chapter 9, "Test Score Accommodations," methods for interpreting test scores are discussed, and in Chapter 10, "Test Score Comparisons," techniques used to compare test scores and the need for special education, related services, and test accommodations, are examined. (Contains 165 references.) (Author/CR)