Fellowships awarded under the Library Career Training Program (Title II-B of the Higher Education Act of 1965), were studied to determine the impact of the program on the library and information science profession, as well as to identify the accomplishments of past recipients. Most recipients entered the program during 1965-1970, a period of full-funding. Information was obtained on: the professional positions held for all the doctoral and post-master's recipients and 10 percent of the master's recipients; recipients' contributions to the profession; and the effect of changes in the program in 1971. Attention was directed to the recipients' employers, employment status, employment level, publishing productivity, and honors/recognition. A strong record of achievement, particularly among doctoral recipients, was found along with entry into the profession of a substantial number of minority group librarians. Among doctoral and post-master's recipients, about one-third were employed in library schools, slightly under two-thirds in libraries, and the remaining in other information-related organizations. Included are an annotated bibliography of about 45 publications; statistical findings; and a list of the publications to which recipients contributed, with author and citation frequencies. (SW)