This study investigates whether there is a difference between the attendance rates of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and non-AFDC-supported elementary school children in the Milwaukee public school system. A new proposal calls for expansion of the school attendance requirement, which now requires high school students to attend school regularly or lose their AFDC benefits, to include elementary school students in order to pressure AFDC-supported students to attend school regularly. This study investigates whether the program is needed, and if so, whether it could have a significant effect on attendance behavior. A data base of attendance information, consisting of the entire second to fifth grade elementary school population, was examined to determine whether the attendance rates differ between the two groups. Data indicate that differences in attendance between students from AFDC-supported and non-AFDC-supported families is small. Furthermore, data indicate that the pressure exerted by means of the withholding of AFDC funds could result in only about a 1.8-day potential increase in attendance, and hence it is unlikely that such a program could show a significant impact. Four tables are included. (JS)