A key challenge in CSCL research is to find ways to support learners in becoming effective collaborators. While the effectiveness of external collaboration scripts is well established, there is a need for research into support that acknowledges learners' autonomy during collaboration. In the present study, we compare an external collaboration…

Background: Constructing shared understanding of complex interdisciplinary problems is one of the most challenging aspects of interdisciplinary teamwork. How this process unfolds is under-researched, making it esoteric and difficult to scaffold. This paper aims to provide an articulated and nuanced account of what is involved in student teams'…

The relative effectiveness of reflection either through student generation of contrasting cases or through provided contrasting cases is not well-established for adult learners. This paper presents a classroom study to investigate this comparison in a college level Computer Science (CS) course where groups of students worked collaboratively to…

Embodied forms of representation like gesture have been shown to play an important role in how learners conceptualize phenomena in physics; however, we know little about how students use gesture to capture the idea of "instantaneity." Drawing on multimodal microanalysis of interaction, we examine how undergraduate physics students use…

While collaborative learning activities are designed to foster inter-thinking and co-creation of knowledge, studies have suggested that these outcomes are not guaranteed simply because learners work together in groups. This study investigated the relationship between cognitive interaction during collaborative engagement and exploratory talk by…

The increasingly neoliberal course of Higher Education is linked to rises in student anxiety around assessment and increased fear of the consequences of failure. Making mistakes is an inevitable part of any learning process (and of life generally) and managing failure in a productive and positive way is crucial for success and wellbeing beyond…

Collaborative problem-solving (CPS) learning is increasingly valued for its role in promoting higher-order thinking of learners. Despite the widespread application of role scripts in CPS, little is known about the mechanisms by which roles influence learners' cognition and the impact of goal orientation on roles. In this study, we designed role…

Many studies highlighted the importance of mathematical justification in problem-solving. This paper describes students' mathematical justifications for solving derivative problems collaboratively, especially before and after the use of technology was allowed. We asked two undergraduate students who were preservice mathematics teachers in a paired…

Being aware of the progress towards one's goals is considered one of the main characteristics of the self-regulation process. This is also the case for collaborative problem solving, which invites group members to metacognitively monitor the progress with their goals and externalize it in social interactions while solving a problem. Monitoring…

Peers play an important role in an individual's learning via collaboration. This study examined three semesters worth of student data collected through collaborative exams in a calculus-based introductory physics course. Participants were asked 142 physics problems over two rounds, and they answered the problems first individually (first round)…

Real-time collaborative programming (RCP), which allows multiple programmers to work concurrently on the same codebase with changes instantly visible to all participants, has garnered considerable popularity in higher education. Despite this trend, little work has rigorously examined how undergraduates engage in collaborative programming when…

Critical thinking has been identified as a very important skill by employers for the employment of graduates. A need exists to develop and assess critical thinking skills in tertiary institutions as employers have noted a gap in these skills among graduates. This skill can be developed, over time, by collaborative learning and given that student…

This study explores the impact of project-based learning (PBL) on enhancing core competencies in educational psychology courses, specifically learning motivation, critical thinking, and collaborative problem-solving skills among undergraduate students. The research sample comprised 42 undergraduate students enrolled in an educational psychology…

The purpose of this study aimed to analyze the process of online collaborative problem solving (CPS) via brain-to-brain synchrony (BS) at the problem-understanding and problem-solving stages. Aiming to obtain additional insights than traditional approaches (survey and observation), BS refers to the synchronization of brain activity between two or…

Computational thinking (CT), as one of the key skills in the twenty-first century, has been integrated into educational programming as an important learning goal. This study aims to explore CT processes involved in pair programming with the support of visual flow design. Thirty freshmen participated, working in pairs to solve two programming…