This study investigates when and how awareness of knowledge gaps (AKG) manifests by observing the problem-solving phase of the educational approach known as problem-solving followed by instruction (PS-I). By comprehensively exploring cognitive and metacognitive process of learners during this phase and categorizing students' judgements of…

This research suggests a methodology to examine the effectiveness Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the cognitive abilities of college students so that future researchers can utilize this experimental project to focus on how AI-powered Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) affect learning outcomes. As AI continues to revolutionize all walks of life,…

Using a mixed method, quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test non-equivalent group design, this study inquired into the possibilities of enhancing learners' cognitive abilities, with problem-based learning (PBL; -experimental) and lecture method (control) as predictor variables. Aided by the random scorecards, a group of 51 students was assigned to…

This study analyzed the relative importance of different cognitive abilities for solving complex mathematical word problems (CWPs)--a demanding task of high relevance for diverse fields and contexts. We investigated the effects of spatial, verbal, numerical, and general reasoning abilities as well as gender on CWP performance among N = 1282…

Previous research suggests that there should be a correlation between computational thinking and traditional cognitive and motor skills. At present, academia either considers cognitive skills a part of computational thinking, or investigates the correlation between computational thinking and cognitive skills. Current research on computational…

With the growing attention directed towards ChatGPT and its applications in education, this study explored its impact on various variables pertaining to student learning. Specifically, an integrated theoretical framework was used to investigate the factors that influence student problem-solving and critical thinking abilities when using ChatGPT…

The COVID-19 pandemic compelled higher education institutions to adopt an alternative approach to learning. For mathematics education, supporting students through blended learning has become increasingly important as it will ensure students' learning is sustained in such a situation. This practical change has illuminated how cloud technology can…

The standard of critical thinking in this study, namely: first, interpretation is on a problem can showing/ writing what they know and what is asked about the problem correctly; second, analysis is the activity of identifying the relationship between statements, questions and concepts in a problem through making mathematical models and accompanied…

In most mathematics textbooks, each lesson is followed by a set of homework problems in one of two ways -- blocked practice and mixed practice. Additionally, most mathematics textbooks rely on a common learning strategy called overlearning, that is, mastering a skill and continuing to practice this same skill. This study investigated the effects…

This study aimed to examine an open-ended problem-solving assessment tool that can be used to measure the profile of students' mathematical creativity based on the type of mathematical creativity. The open-ended problem-solving assessment consists of open-ended problem-solving sheets and interview guidelines to measure the profile of students'…

An increasing number of studies have explored the process of how subjects solve problems through remote association. Most research has investigated the relationship between an individual's response to semantic search during the think-aloud operation and the individual's reply performance. Few studies, however, have examined the process of…

Comparative judgement is a relatively new way of facilitating peer-assessment where students are shown pairs of other students' work and judge which of the two is better. Literature on example-based learning suggests that students should be able to learn from comparative judgement. We present the case of one student, Josie, whose understanding of…

Background: Within team sports, players' ability to inhibit inappropriate behavioral responses and flexibly adapt to upcoming challenges relates significantly to their game performance. As such, there have been calls for cognitively fostering programs to form the basis of game teaching and coaching practice. However, only few studies have tested…

Individuals encounter problems daily wherein varying numbers of constraints require delimitation of memory to target goal-satisfying information. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study this type of problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been…

A project is a finite activity aimed at producing a tangible product or service. Designing and developing instruction is a type of "project." Instructional design projects ("design projects") require instructional designers (IDs) to manage multiple and often overlapping work tasks, balance the "triple constraint"…