Online learning has steadily increased since well before the COVID-19 pandemic (Seaman et al., 2018), but research has yet to explore online students' perceptions of online exam proctoring methods. The purpose of this exploratory study was to understand the perceptions of fully online students regarding types of proctoring at a large state…

(1) Context: The growing accessibility of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, such as ChatGPT, poses a challenge to the integrity of online assessments in higher education. As AI becomes more integrated into academic contexts, educators face the complex task of maintaining assessment standards particularly within modern Virtual Learning…

This study examines log data from proctored examinations from two classes offered as part of a large online graduate program in computer science. In these two classes, students are permitted to access any internet content during their exams, which themselves have remained largely unchanged over the last several semesters. As a result, when ChatGPT…

This study compares how the generative AI (GenAI) large language model (LLM) ChatGPT performs in grading university exams compared to human teachers. Aspects investigated include consistency, large discrepancies and length of answer. Implications for higher education, including the role of teachers and ethics, are also discussed. Three…

Driven by technological innovations, continuous digital expansion has transformed fundamentally the landscape of modern higher education, leading to discussions about evaluation techniques. The emergence of generative artificial intelligence raises questions about reliability and academic honesty regarding multiple-choice assessments in online…

Background/purpose: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly shaping assessment practices in higher education, promising faster feedback and reduced instructor workload while also raising concerns about fairness and transparency. This study examines how AI technologies are transforming assessment processes and the experiences of stakeholders.…

Overview: This systematic review explores the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) for assessment, grading, and feedback in higher education. The review aims to establish how AI technologies enhance efficiency, scalability, and personalized learning experiences in educational settings, while addressing associated challenges that arise due…

Background: This study aims to assess how well several machine learning (ML) algorithms predict the physical, social, and mental health condition of university students. Objectives: The physical health measurements used in the study include BMI (Body Mass Index), %BF (percentage of Body Fat), BSC (Blood Serum Cholesterol), SBP (Systolic Blood…

Machine learning methods can be used to reduce the manual workload in exam grading, making it possible for teachers to spend more time on other tasks. However, when it comes to grading exams, fully eliminating manual work is not yet possible even with very accurate automated grading, as any grading mistakes could have significant consequences for…

The study examined the association of big five personality traits (i.e., conscientiousness, openness to experience, and neuroticism) with use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) among university students. It also examined the moderating role of perceived fairness in grading on the relationships of personality traits with GenAI usage.…

This qualitative study explores the levels of technology acceptance of students and teachers in higher education regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in summative assessment. Twelve students and eight teachers of a university expressed their views on a series of hypothetical scenarios. Stimulated recall interviews, using hypothetical…

The study highlights ChatGPT-4's potential in educational settings for the evaluation of university students' open-ended written examination responses. ChatGPT-4 evaluated 54 written responses, ranging from 24 to 256 words in English. It assessed each response using five criteria and assigned a grade on a six-point scale from fail to excellent,…

The advent of Generative AI (GAI) tools such as ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot has significantly impacted higher education. This exploratory study investigates the current perspectives of lecturers in Human Resource Management (HRM) and Psychology on adapting assessment strategies in response to GAI developments. Through an online…

Automated corrective feedback (ACF), in which a computer system helps language learners identify and correct errors in their writing or speech, is considered an important tool for language instruction by many researchers. Such systems allow learners to correct their own mistakes, thereby reducing teacher workload and potentially preventing issues…

Conversational agents have been designed to improve instruction quality and support student learning. In addition to their instructional use, they can be incorporated into assessment--conversation-based assessment (CBA). This study primarily introduces a CBA with selected-response and constructed-response tests as a formative assessment tool for…