The aim of this study is to design and develop an augmented reality based mobile application (HardwARe teaching material) based on the "Computer Systems" subject outcomes in the 5th grade curriculum. In the design and development phase of the HardwARe teaching material, the design-based research (DBR) method, which is frequently…

The main purpose of this research is to determine teachers' cognitive structures about the Metaverse. It is a descriptive research in a survey model. The research participants consist of 93 teachers working in public schools in the 2023-2024 academic year in Malatya, Türkiye. First, a stratified purposive sampling method was used to identify the…

This design-based research project explored how various design features of AR-based learning environments (ARLE) influence students' mathematics self-efficacy and learning of kinematics. Specifically, five ARLEs with different design features were developed and implemented with 136 seventh-grade students in two rounds. Data were gathered from pre-…

This mixed-methods study explored the impact of cinematic virtual reality (CVR) on seventh-grade students (n = 66) in a school library. The research was comprised of two phases, integrating data from questionnaires and student/teacher interviews. The study focused on "The Displaced," a documentary about child refugees, presented in two…

This study examined the improvement of mathematical problem-solving skills and learning motivation among students taught using the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model assisted by Augmented Reality (AR). It also investigated the interaction between the learning model and students' ability levels to enhance these skills and motivation. A…

Background: Enjoyment and epistemic emotions are essential in education as they drive learners to actively and persistently engage with learning material. Augmented Reality (hereinafter referred to as AR) is an emerging educational tool that offers unique opportunities for immersive learning experiences. By incorporating AR into the learning…

An alternating treatments design was used to analyze the effects of concrete and virtual manipulatives on the duration and number of correctly solved linear equations by three middle school students with cognitive disabilities. Participants physically manipulated algebra tiles to solve an equation during the concrete manipulative condition. During…

The purpose of this study is to develop an Android-based augmented reality learning media using Unity software to improve students' creative thinking skills in polyhedral ethno-geometry materials. The development of augmented reality learning media follows the ADDIE development model, which consists of five phases: analysis, design, development,…

Elementary, middle, and high school students need opportunities to engage with educational technology. This is particularly essential for those students who may not have access to new technologies at home and/or school. The socioeconomic status continues to increase the digital divide and equity in education in terms of access to technology; and…

This study investigated the effects of teaching via virtual reality (VR) on creative design performance and creative experiential learning processes by using a pretest--post-test nonequivalent group design to sample 138 seventh graders from a junior high school in Taipei City. The main conclusions from this study are: (1) VR has significant…

Background: AR allows users to experience a digital world that blends seamlessly with the physical world, creating an immersive and interactive experience. This is directly in line with the principles of Situated Learning Theory (SLT) that aim to put students in authentic situations in which they can be actively immersed in real-world activities.…

The educational environment frequently encounters the issue of the inadequacy of traditional teaching approaches, which limits students' ability not only to reproduce acquired knowledge but also to apply it in practice. The aim of our research is to investigate the impact of a virtual reality (VR) based educational program in biology on students'…

Collaborative problem-solving (CPS) is increasingly essential in both scientific practice and modern education, yet remains difficult to embed authentically in classrooms. This study addressed that gap by integrating CPS into a ninth-grade biology lesson using a smartphone-based asymmetric simulation. The innovative three-phase instructional…

Student learning outcomes that have not been maximized can be caused by one of them is the utilization of learning media that is less varied. The use of varied learning media can attract student interest and can affect student learning outcomes. However, in reality there are still many teachers who have not maximized the use of learning media. The…

With virtual reality (VR) tools becoming increasingly prevalent in K-12 schools today, educators now possess the means to transport students to digitally simulated times and places without ever leaving the classroom. However, current application of this experiential technology is in its nascent stage and subsequent research is often limited to…