Life in the twenty-first century requires education to integrate knowledge, attitudes, skills, and mastery of information and communication technology (ICT). An example of the skills needed in the twenty-first century is computational thinking. This study aims to develop computational thinking-skill tasks on numbers and arithmetic based on the…

Research Purpose and Contribution: The study aimed to construct an evaluation framework for assessing pupils' computational thinking (CT) during classroom learning problem solving. As a self-report evaluation scale for pupils, this evaluation framework further enriched the CT assessment instruments for pupils and provided a specialized instrument…

Online metacognitive skills are the real-time awareness of cognition, which can effectively promote science learning and improve performance in solving scientific problems. Therefore, it is important to enhance and diagnose students' online metacognitive skills in science education. This study aimed to evaluate ninth-grade students' online…

This study was carried out to develop a test to assess algorithmic thinking skills. To this end, the twelve steps suggested by Downing (2006) were adopted. Throughout the test development, 24 middle school sixth-grade students and eight experts in different areas took part as needed in the tasks on the project. The test was given to 252 students…

A prior study developed the Computational Thinking Scale (CTS) for assessing individuals' computational thinking dispositions in five dimensions: decomposition, abstraction, algorithmic thinking, evaluation, and generalization. This study proposed the Developmental Model of Computational Thinking through validating the structural relationships…

A multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate what variables may predict the student's self-perceived proficiency in mathematics. Hence, this quantitative cross-sectional survey design aimed to explore the factors predicting the student's self-perceived proficiency in mathematics using gamified instruction. Two hundred twenty-five…

Education currently only prioritizes mastery of scientific aspects and students' intelligence. Math problems are still related to fictitious general knowledge. For this reason, local wisdom-based learning is needed whose learning is packaged using objects, events, and various things that are close to students' lives to raise the local potential of…

This paper provides evidence that a short, fully online, well-constructed diagnostic test based on research literature can give teachers information about their students' thinking and strategies that is sufficiently accurate to use for formative assessment purposes. The example is a test for students beginning to learn to solve equations. The main…

Interdisciplinary approach is viewed as the best way to learn about and perceive complex scientific phenomena in the real world; therefore, students need to develop interdisciplinary habits of mind in K-12 science education. This article provided a framework for understanding middle school students' interdisciplinary competence that included four…

The early phase is the decisive period for the teachers' career. Intellectual styles (particularly thinking styles) play a vital role in teachers' professional development. With the purpose of measuring thinking styles of teachers at the early phase, this study was designed to validate a revised inventory of thinking styles (TSI-R2) for…

Science learning in the 21st century should develop the abilities of the students to find solutions to the problems. This task requires a set of skills called Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and innovative assessment should be designed to gauge the acquisition of these skills. Thus, this study aimed to create an innovative HOTS-based…

The Modeling Self-Efficacy Scale was developed to measure students' confidence in understanding and solving modeling tasks. The scale was administered to 225 eighth- and ninth-grade students. Participants read modeling tasks adapted from Programme for International Student Assessment's 2003 problem-solving assessment and rated their confidence on…

The Inclusive Assessment of Computational Thinking (CT) designed for accessibility and learner variability was studied in over 50 classes in US schools (grades 3-8). The validation studies of IACT sampled thousands of students to establish IACT's construct and concurrent validity as well as test-retest reliability. IACT items for each CT practice…

Conflict resolution is the process where parties come together and exert efforts for a solution with the aim of ending an existing conflict. In the current study, the aim was to test the reliability and validity of the revised version of the Conflict Resolution Behavior Determination Scale (CRBDS) designed to determine the conflict resolution…

The current study explores students' collaboration and problem solving (CPS) abilities using a human-to-agent (H-A) computer-based collaborative problem solving assessment. Five CPS assessment units with 76 conversation-based items were constructed using the PISA 2015 CPS framework. In the experiment, 53,855 ninth and tenth graders in Taiwan were…