This study used an explanatory mixed methods research design to examine the scaffolding strategies of middle school teachers during a design problem-based learning (PBL) unit. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used in data collection and analysis, and the findings were integrated for interpretation. Our analysis of classroom…

Technological mediums such as dynamic environments with drag-and-drop features have been considered promising agents in helping students explore and generate conjectures about mathematical concepts. This study investigated the dragging modalities sixth and seventh-grade students use in solving proportional problems in a dynamic geometry…

In modern society technology is widely used and, with the digitization of many services, this is an upward trend. Therefore, computational thinking (CT) is an increasingly important concept; an aspect that is being reflected on educational policies and the extracurricular offer of different countries. This study aims to look at the efficacy of…

Computational thinking is an important skill in computer science since the 1960s, and it is closely related to problem solving. Almost all research related to computational thinking mentions problem solving. Although some research has been conducted on computational thinking, few studies examined the impact of personal traits on students'…

This study explores the self-efficacy and problem-solving skills of middle school mathematics students. The students -- 111 9th graders who were studying a unit for the analysis of function -- were given mathematics instruction that was based on either dynamic or static visualization. Findings revealed a positive impact of instruction that was…

PS-I learning approaches with an initial problem-solving phase (PS) followed by an instruction phase (I) can be optimised by providing adaptive (individualised) instruction that builds on students' problem-solving products. A computer-based implementation of both phases offers the possibility of adaptivity at the transition from the…

Although feedback is recognized as one of the most relevant factors to improve learning, its effectivity is highly dependent on the specific setting. In particular, feedback in elementary school students has not been thoroughly studied. Within this scope, studying the effectiveness of different degrees and types of feedback for primary school…

The potential benefits from the introduction of programming environments such as "Scratch" for learning mathematics has reactivated research in this area. Nonetheless, there are few studies which attempt to analyse their influence at the stage of Primary Education. We present the results of a quasi-experimental piece of research with…

Efficient collaborative learning relies on productive interaction among learners. Previous studies have suggested that group gender composition might affect the group dynamics. While previous studies have generally focused on the learning performance of different gender groups, relatively little effort has been devoted to scrutinising the learning…

Digital instructional tools, such as virtual manipulatives, have been widely adopted as an enhanced approach to inquiry-based learning. However, the optimal ratio of mobile devices to students in instructional settings remain controversial. This research introduced a counterbalanced quasi-experiment to compare the learning performance and…

Representation is widely viewed as central to mathematical problem solving, while online scaffolding is considered helpful in supporting learners' progress from actual to potential developmental levels of mathematics understanding. Therefore, this study investigated the effectiveness of employing online single vs. multiple representational…

Mathematics is often taught by explaining an idea, then giving students practice in applying it. Tutoring systems can increase the effectiveness of this method by monitoring the students' practice and giving feedback. However, math can also be taught by having students work collaboratively on problems that lead them to discover the idea. Here,…

More research is needed on how to best use analytics to support educational decisions and design effective learning environments. This study was to explore and mine the data captured by a digital educational game designed for middle school science to understand learners' behavioral patterns in using the game, and to use evidence-based findings to…

This study examines the use of data analytics to evaluate students' behaviours during their participation in an online collaborative learning environment called SkyApp. To visualise the learning traits of engagement, emotion and motivation, students' inputs and activity data were captured and quantified for analysis. Experiments were first carried…

VR technology is being widely used in education due to it's a sense of immersion, real-time interaction, and ability to stimulate imagination. However, there is a lack of research comparing students at different stages. This study used a quasi-experimental design involving 73 fourth-grade and 86 eighth-grade students in two schools in northwest…