This study provides an overview of the level of students' cognitive load in learning English in vocational schools. A quantitative descriptive study uses a cross-sectional survey conducted to measure the level of cognitive load of students in learning English in vocational schools. The subjects are 69 respondents who are students from one of the…

Background/purpose: Indonesian language education at the senior high school level is expected to foster not only linguistic competence but also critical thinking and cultural awareness. Textbooks, as the primary learning instrument, must be evaluated for their alignment with curriculum goals and global literacy demands. Materials/methods: This…

This study examines the impact of gamification elements, in particular leaderboards, badges, and eBucks, on the cognitive engagement (CE), intrinsic motivation (IM), and self-efficacy (SE) of English Language Learners (ELLs) at a high school in the Southeastern United States. The investigation, conducted during optional weekly readings, utilizes a…

This study attempted to examine the patterns of motivational factors and their interplay involved in EFL learning through the lens of self-regulated learning. 285 grade-one senior high students from three Chinese middle schools completed a questionnaire which was designed to assess motivation (mastery goal, task value, and self-efficacy) and…

A reader in an EFL situation chooses between two major reading strategies: cognitive and metacognitive. This research study discussed both these strategies from a learner centered approach in order to determine the effectiveness of cognitive and metacognitive strategies in comprehending a reading text and building a good vocabulary. A descriptive…

The aim of this study is to examine the levels of language learning strategies employed by A1-A2 level high school students while learning English as a foreign language. In the Turkish formal education system, English is a compulsory subject in all public and private schools, and students start to learn English from 2nd grade at the elementary…

This study examines the impact of incorporating cloze tests during pauses in classroom instruction as retrieval practice activities, using Audience Response Systems (ARS) for delivery. While ARSs traditionally rely on multiple-choice questions, cloze tests offer a potentially efficient alternative that aligns with retrieval practice principles.…

This paper explores and compares the language learning strategies of high and low performing second language (L2) learners participating in peer tutoring. The participating learners were grouped into high and low performing learners based on their scores in English second language. The classification of strategies by Griffiths into base, core and…

Introduction: Among its contemporaries, the updated Bloom's taxonomy is perhaps the most widely used cognitive process model. It is a categorization paradigm that emphasizes the cognitive levels beginning with remembering the information and progressing to more complicated levels such as producing the knowledge. Education psychologists want to…

In the context of teaching English as a foreign language (EFL), there is growing attention towards collaborative learning and learners' engagement. Despite the interest on these topics, there is little research in Chile, in the English classroom, about both collaborative learning and learners' engagement at a school level. Therefore, this study…

EFL textbooks, academic material, and language proficiency tests include phrasal verbs. However, many Lebanese high-school EFL learners reflect unfamiliarity with phrasal verbs and tend to avoid them in their language production. To this end, a twofold research was conducted. First, a corpus linguistics analysis of the Lebanese national EFL…

Although supported by different ideologies of language, code-switching and translanguaging are, surprisingly perhaps, united in some of the claims made in their names. In the literature on classroom practices, one shared claim is that content is simplified for students when the teacher uses features enregistered as the non-official classroom…

The aim of this explanatory study is to identify the causes of intrinsic cognitive load in programming process. For this purpose, a method based on two dimensions; programming knowledge types (syntactic, semantic, and strategic) and programming constructs was proposed. The proposed method was tested with high school students enrolled in Computer…

Science textbooks often include text and diagrams to aid learner understanding. Yet traditional written instructions in textbooks often separate them, which can increase cognitive load and hinder effective learning. This research proposes and tests a novel presentational format for written instruction that incorporates spatial contiguity, numbered…

Collaborative discussion-supported writing (CDSW) provides opportunities for students to develop arguments and counterarguments through peer communications with a goal to promote a high-quality argumentative essay. Cognitive scaffoldings can be used to facilitate students' collaborative discussions. However, there is a lack of investigation on the…