The effects of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) on students' foreign language skill development have been overestimated by previous studies, as most studies needed to have considered selection and preparation effects appropriately. We used complete survey data from a 1996-2003 cohort to investigate English skill development of N =…

The present study explores the developmental patterns of bilingual secondary education students in a disciplinary writing task in Basque, their language of instruction. A cross-sectional sample of 547 bilingual students (Years 7-10) enrolled in Basque Model D immersion programmes completed a source-based writing task requiring them to produce two…

This article presents the development and testing of a content-based video exchange model as a motivating means to introduce lower secondary English learners to English as the language of science. The central goal was that students reach the required curricular content knowledge despite learning some of the content in a foreign language. The model…