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Direct linkZhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Aunola, Kaisa; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina; Nurmi, Jari-Erik – Child Development, 2020
Mathematical difficulties have been distinguished as mathematics learning disability (MLD) and persistent low achievement (LA). Based on 1,880 Finnish children who were followed from kindergarten (age 6) to fourth grade, this study examined the early risk factors for MLD and LA. Distinct groups of MLD (6.0% of the sample) and LA (25.7%) children…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills, Learning Disabilities
Fuchs, Lynn S.; Geary, David C.; Fuchs, Douglas; Compton, Donald L.; Hamlett, Carol L. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2014
This study investigated contributions of general cognitive abilities and foundational mathematical competencies to numeration understanding (i.e., base-10 structure) versus multidigit calculation skill. Children (n = 394, M = 6.5 years) were assessed on general cognitive abilities and foundational numerical competencies at start of 1st grade; on…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Cognitive Ability, Mathematics Skills, Numbers
Watchorn, Rebecca P. D.; Bisanz, Jeffrey; Fast, Lisa; LeFevre, Jo-Anne; Skwarchuk, Sheri-Lynn; Smith-Chant, Brenda L. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2014
The principle of "inversion," that a + b - b "must" equal a, is a fundamental property of arithmetic, but many children fail to apply it in symbolic contexts through 10 years of age. We explore three hypotheses relating to the use of inversion that stem from a model proposed by Siegler and Araya (2005). Hypothesis 1 is that…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, Skill Development, Computation, Attention Control
Cirino, Paul T.; Fuchs, Lynn S.; Elias, John T.; Powell, Sarah R.; Schumacher, Robin F. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2015
The purpose of this study was to compare subgroups of students with various forms of learning difficulties (< 25th percentile) on cognitive and mathematics characteristics. Students with mathematics difficulty (MD, n = 105), reading difficulty (RD, n = 65), both (MDRD, n = 87), or neither (NoLD, n = 403) were evaluated on an array of cognitive…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Student Characteristics, Cognitive Ability, Mathematics Skills
Locuniak, Maria N. – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Calculation fluency weaknesses are a key characteristic of children with mathematics difficulties. The major aim of this dissertation was to uncover early predictors of calculation fluency weaknesses in second graders. Children's performance on number sense tasks in kindergarten along with general cognitive abilities, early literacy skills, and…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Short Term Memory, Multiple Regression Analysis, Kindergarten
Vukovic, Rose K.; Siegel, Linda S. – Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 2010
This longitudinal study investigated the academic and cognitive characteristics of persistent mathematics difficulty (MD-p) from first to fourth grade. Ninety-nine children were retrospectively categorized into one of three groups: MD-p, transient mathematics difficulty (MD-t), or typically developing. MD-p was defined as persistently low…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Short Term Memory, Grade 4, Student Characteristics
Swanson, H. Lee; Jerman, Olga; Zheng, Xinhua – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008
The influence of cognitive growth in working memory (WM) on mathematical problem solution accuracy was examined in elementary school children (N = 353) at risk and not at risk for serious math problem solving difficulties. A battery of tests was administered that assessed problem solving, achievement, and cognitive processing (WM, inhibition,…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Inhibition, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory
