This paper analyses students' conceptual sense-making of two representations of protein synthesis: animations and static visualizations. Even though several studies have focused on the effect of animations versus static visualizations or support aspects that enable students to effectively benefit from animations, existing research has not yet…

Students' skills in expressing mathematical ideas in various ways have not met the expectation. Teachers need to apply the learning providing students' opportunities to present their mathematical ideas. Utilizing the Brain-Based Learning (BBL) approach with Autograph can help students develop their mathematical communication skills. The purpose of…