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Tvardovskaya, Alla A.; Svinar, Elena V. – International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 2016
The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by the fact that most children who start to study do not have a good level of higher mental functions. It leads to difficulties at school and health problems. The article aims at estimating the level of higher mental functions and the degree of educational motivation development among…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Thinking Skills
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Mohamed, Wessam; Elbert, Thomas; Landerl, Karin – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2011
In a cross-sectional study, we investigated the development of fluent reading and spelling in the first 3 years of learning Arabic. The goals of our study were to: (1) validate suitable measures for fluent reading and spelling in the first 3 years of learning Arabic; (2) trace the developmental course of the relationship between fluent reading and…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Scripts, Spelling, Reading Fluency