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Liu, Kristin K.; Goldstone, Linda; Thurlow, Martha L.; Ward, Jenna; Hatten, James; Christensen, Laurene L. – National Center on Educational Outcomes, 2013
English language learners (ELLs) with disabilities are an increasing presence in schools in the United States. Title I and Title III of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act require that these students meet the same academic grade-level standards and participate in content assessments as their fluent-English speaking peers without…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Disabilities, State Standards, Standardized Tests
Middleton, Kyndra; Laitusis, Cara Cahalan – ETS Research Report Series, 2007
This study examined whether distractor choices functioned differently for students without learning disabilities than they functioned for students with learning disabilities who received no accommodation, students with learning disabilities who received a read-aloud accommodation, and students with learning disabilities who received some form of…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Learning Disabilities, Comparative Analysis, Academic Accommodations (Disabilities)

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