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Direct linkMuschkin, Clara G.; Ladd, Helen F.; Dodge, Kenneth A. – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2015
This study examines the community-wide effects of investments in two early childhood initiatives in North Carolina (Smart Start and More at Four) on the likelihood of a student being placed into special education. We take advantage of variation across North Carolina counties and years in the timing of the introduction and funding levels of the two…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Special Education, Student Placement, Grade 3
Hamlin, Christine – ProQuest LLC, 2013
During conferences to decide whether or not to retain a child, usually two questions are asked. The first is, "Will retention bring success in school?" The other is, "If we retain him, will he perform better in school than if we don't retain him?" The goal of this research was to see if retained students would make enough…
Descriptors: School Districts, Educational Policy, School Holding Power, Low Achievement
Download full textFroman, Terry; Bayne, Joseph – Research Services, Miami-Dade County Public Schools, 2004
Recent revisions of the Florida School Code by the Florida Legislature include a major component focusing on proficiency in reading. In particular, grade 3 students who do not score at level 2 or higher on the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) SSS Reading Test must be retained, unless exempted for special circumstances. This new…
Descriptors: Disability Identification, At Risk Students, Grade Repetition, School Holding Power
