Federal and state accountability obligates public schools to improve standardized test scores for students in certain grades and in certain content areas from year to year. In the name of school improvement district and campus level administrators implement professional learning communities (PLCs) and set expectations for data informed instruction…

This paper investigates the capacity of primary school principals with regard to literacy instructional leadership. I argue that specific capacities related to literacy instructional leadership include principals' knowledge of the literacy curriculum, supervision of the literacy instructional programme, empowerment of literacy teachers through…