Providing realistic solutions for word problems proves to be challenging. A possible explanation is the influence of individual's expectations and beliefs about word problems. This explanation was tested in the present study in an out-of-school context. Specifically, the study assessed effects of (1) prompting participants to make realistic…

This research aimed to: (1) investigate the components and indicators of computational thinking learning experience management competency of early childhood teachers in educational institutions under the Office of the Basic Education Commission; and (2) examine the congruence of these components and indicators. The research was conducted in two…

This study explores the ontological perspective in analyzing students' problem-solving related to mechanical energy conservation. The research involves 18 high school students whose explanations were qualitatively analyzed using an extended ontological framework. Initially, students predominantly employed matter-based predicates and…

The role of scientific reasoning in promoting scientific literacy during the early years of schooling is well acknowledged. Using the analytical framework for scientific reasoning skills by A. Opitz et al. (2017, "Educational Research and Evaluation," 23(3-4), 78-101), this multi-age observational study investigated the extent of…

Background/purpose. The strategic goal of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) literacy is to develop scientifically and technologically equipped global citizens who are innovators and problem-solvers in a rapidly changing world. The study contributes to this goal by drawing pedagogical implications from examining college…

Students often instrumentally use variables and unknowns without considering the variational thinking behind them. Using parameters to modify the coefficients or unknowns in equations or systems of linear equations (without altering their structure) involves consciously incorporating variational thinking into problem-solving. We will test the…

Recently, there has been a surge in developing curricula and tools that integrate computing (C) into Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) programs. These environments foster authentic problem-solving while facilitating students' concurrent learning of STEM+C content. In our study, we analyzed students' behaviors as they worked in…

The aim of this qualitative research is to describe the thinking process as a profile of students' mathematical computational thinking (CT) skills in terms of CT attitudes. The subjects in this study were 66 junior high school students in grade IX. There were three students taken by purposive sampling based on high, medium, and low CT attitude.…

The advancement of large language model-based generative artificial intelligence (LLM-based GenAI) has sparked significant interest in its potential to address challenges in computational thinking (CT) education. CT, a critical problem-solving approach in the digital age, encompasses elements such as abstraction, iteration, and generalisation.…

The ability to reason with representations is pivotal for successful learning in Organic Chemistry and is closely linked to representational competence. Given the visual nature of this discipline, this comprises competency in extracting and processing relevant visual information. With regard to the resonance concept, proficiency in identifying…

In the realm of K-12 Education, the growing significance of Computational Thinking has sparked extensive inquiry into its nature and instructional methodologies. Despite a wealth of literature on the subject, ongoing debates persist regarding its fundamental components. Across global educational landscapes, Computational Thinking is being…

The architecture of the computational thinking with gamified using artificial intelligence prompt engineering, or architecture of the CT platform with gamified, is a learning tool intended to promote activity-based learning that focuses on problem-solving by doing. This platform is fabricated with the combination of computational thinking process…

Education on computational thinking skills has been a focus in many countries. Previous studies have investigated educational board games based on computational thinking skills. However, there is a lack of research on the cognitive behaviors and cognitive styles promoted by these educational board games. Therefore, in this study, educational board…

Debugging is essential for identifying and rectifying errors in programming, yet time constraints and students' trivialization of errors often hinder progress. This study examines differences in debugging challenges and strategies among students with varying computational thinking (CT) competencies using weekly coding journals from an online…

Solving organic chemistry reactions requires reasoning with multiple concepts and data (i.e., multivariate reasoning). However, studies have reported that organic chemistry students typically demonstrate univariate reasoning. Case comparisons, where students compare two or more tasks, have been reported to support students' multivariate reasoning.…