The School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (SAAS-R) is a popular scale for assessing attitudinal and motivational aspects of students' academic achievement. However, evidence on key psychometric properties of the SAAS-R such as reliability remains limited. We conducted a reliability generalization study of the SAAS-R using meta-analytic…

This paper aims to advocate for a balanced approach to model fit evaluation in structural equation modeling (SEM). The ongoing debate surrounding chi-square test statistics and fit indices has been characterized by ambiguity and controversy. Despite the acknowledged limitations of relying solely on the chi-square test, its careful application can…

The replication crisis in social and behavioral sciences has raised concerns about the reliability and validity of empirical studies. While research in the literature has explored contributing factors to this crisis, the issues related to analytical tools have received less attention. This study focuses on a widely used analytical tool -…

This study developed a Metaverse Competency Scale (MCS) to measure users' proficiency in crucial metaverse skills. The scale was built on a thorough literature review covering digital avatars, immersive experiences, and decentralized value exchange. A two-phase questionnaire approach was employed. In the first phase, a pre-test questionnaire,…

This article describes the development of a Confucian heritage culture (CHC) scale, where a conceptual definition of CHC emerged from interdisciplinary perspectives. The scale dimensions adopted interdisciplinary perspectives from history, psychology, political science, and science education. The validity and reliability of the scale were…