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Direct linkJordan S. Berne; Brian A. Jacob; Christina Weiland; Katharine O. Strunk – National Bureau of Economic Research, 2025
State laws that mandate in-grade retention for struggling readers are widespread in the U.S., covering 34% of public-school third graders in 2023-24. This study investigates the impacts of Michigan's third-grade reading law on subsequent test scores and school progress outcomes for the 2020-21 and 2021-22 third-grade cohorts. Using a regression…
Descriptors: Grade Repetition, Reading Difficulties, Public Schools, Grade 3
Peer reviewedMartha Buell; Stephanie Kuntz – Early Childhood Education Journal, 2025
Decades of research has documented the negative effects of physical punishment, including spanking (Heilmann et al., 2021). Since 1998, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has endorsed the use of time out from positive reinforcement (TO) as an alternative to corporal punishment (Sege et al., 2018). Despite urging at the federal level…
Descriptors: Child Care, Certification, Punishment, Positive Reinforcement
Download full textBonnie E. Brett; Jamie Burciaga; Dana Scott – Colorado Department of Education, 2025
The Foster Care Success Act (House Bill 22-1374) provides funds to both the Colorado Department of Human Services (CDHS) and the Colorado Department of Education (CDE) to improve the educational attainment of students in out-of-home placement. The Act requires CDE to identify specific goals for its Foster Care Education Program (FCEP) to achieve…
Descriptors: Foster Care, State Legislation, State Aid, Educational Attainment
Anna Granias; Anne Li – Wilder Research, 2025
In spring 2024, the Multicounty Multitype Library Systems, supported by State Library Services, conducted a census of K-12 public and charter schools in Minnesota to learn about the status of school libraries. A total of 1,528 out of 1,777 eligible schools completed the census. The findings can help legislators, school staff, librarians, and…
Descriptors: School Libraries, Public Schools, Charter Schools, Educational Legislation
Elizabeth Glennie; Julie Edmunds – RTI International, 2025
Dual enrollment, also known as dual credit, allows students to take college courses during high school. Studies have shown that dual enrollment has a positive impact on students' educational attainment. However, dual enrollment is complicated to implement given that it requires a partnership between a high school or district and a postsecondary…
Descriptors: Dual Enrollment, Partnerships in Education, College School Cooperation, High School Students
Juliet Squire; Kelly Robson Foster; Lynne Graziano; Andy Jacob – Bellwether, 2025
Education Savings Accounts (ESAs) offer parents a publicly funded, government-authorized savings account they can draw on for certain K-12 educational expenses. As these programs have expanded in recent years, they have become a flashpoint in education policy debates. For some, ESAs are an extension of existing private school choice programs'…
Descriptors: School Choice, Educational Vouchers, Educational Finance, Private Schools
