Diffusion of innovations theory can be used to understand how to prevent or slow the spread of harmful behaviors, such as e-cigarette use in adolescent social networks. This study explores how different network intervention strategies could impact diffusion dynamics through network simulations based on observed social norms and e-cigarette use…

The present study explores the use of value-and-etiquette-based reading materials for enhancing language learners' reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. To achieve this, the study employed a "sequential explanatory mixed-methods design." Convenience sampling was used to select 73 B1 level language learners in two intact…