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Hwiyoung P. Lee; Ram A. Cnaan – Grantee Submission, 2025
The decline in civic engagement has prompted scholars and policymakers to explore the role of education. One approach gaining traction is mandatory community service, which requires middle and high school students to complete a set number of community service hours as a condition for graduation. However, evidence on the long-term effects of such…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Middle School Students, High School Students, Role of Education