Theoretical Background: Previous studies indicate that students' learning motivation varies across learning situations and is influenced by situational characteristics such as teaching behaviour. We focus on instructional clarity as one factor that may influence expectancies and task values. Aims and Research Questions: This study combines a…

This paper aims to characterize critical events noticed by novice mathematics teacher-educators (NMTEs) while they facilitate teacher education sessions. Twenty-four NMTEs enrolled in a university course on teaching teachers were asked to facilitate a series of three sessions with preservice teachers, identify critical events from those sessions…

Previous research has shown that low procedural fidelity can lead to decreased effectiveness and efficiency of skill acquisition during discrete-trial instruction. Previous research has also found that procedural fidelity may be substantially lower when a supervisor is not present to observe the session. Finding a socially acceptable, effective,…

Teacher noticing--i.e., attending to and interpreting--students' mathematical thinking is a predominant framework in preparation programs for pre-service mathematics teachers, based on the assumption that they should learn to notice early in their training to acquire the expertise needed in their professional lives. Most research on this topic…

Research on teachers' noticing of student mathematical thinking has typically focused on how a teacher attends to, interprets, and determines a response to an individual student contribution in isolation from the broader mathematical classroom context. This research focus is not nuanced enough, however, to fully account for the complex noticing…

Observational feedback refers to feedback in learning settings that requires observations of student actions. Existing feedback models provide limited insight into the way teachers generate such observational feedback. Addressing this gap, this exploratory study investigates how experienced nursing teachers generate observational feedback in…

In this theoretical article, we propose a conceptualisation of noticing, drawing on our enactivist perspective, which takes account of what is now known about human cognition, and from which we draw out implications for how noticing develops. We review past work on mathematics teacher noticing and note the dominance of a paradigm of taking…

Students have powerful but underutilized perspectives on the impact of educators' professional learning. When students are directly engaged in providing feedback, they can offer unique insights into how professional learning translates into classroom practice and affects their learning experience. Incorporating student feedback also helps…

In recent years, the concept of "deeper learning" has generated great interest in the field of preschool education in China. However, deep learning in the preschool stage is different from that in school education, as it requires explaining content characteristics, developing observational tools to identify deep learning, and exploring…

Engaging in play constitutes a fundamental theoretical concept and skill set emphasized in occupational therapy (OT) education. According to the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), play is a key occupation and a core context for development and learning. However, there is a paucity of evidence about if and how entry-level OT programs…

This study explores secondary-school mathematics teachers' noticing of Critical Events Associated with Argumentation (CEAs), moments when students' reasoning or interactions become evident, offering teachers opportunities to promote argumentation in the classroom. Thirty-one teachers analyzed a written classroom scenario, identifying CEAs,…

Background and Aims: Students with intellectual disability benefit from high-quality instruction in reading and mathematics. Methods: This Theoretical Paper outlines the need for effective, evidence-based instructional practices for this population and the potential for observation research to inform such advancements. We report our systematic…

This study explores variations in prospective teachers' (PTs') noticing of students' mathematical thinking based on narrative writing within the context of a practicum course. The research involved eight PTs, each of whom produced ten weekly narratives throughout the course duration. Most PTs displayed noticing abilities within the average range,…

Video has become a widespread tool for capturing naturalistic behavioral data. While mixed methods show great potential in understanding the active nature of children's interaction, only a few studies have developed mixed methods for video-based interaction research. This paper presents a mixed methods embodied interaction model appropriate for…

This article describes a teacher in Vietnam being trained in and using process-oriented child monitoring (POM) in their classroom. POM is a child observation approach that can be used to determine students' levels of wellbeing and involvement in the classroom, which helps a teacher understand if deep-level learning is taking place. POM is an easy,…