This meta-analysis comprehensively examined the effects of English language interventions on struggling elementary school learners in South Korea learning English as a foreign language. A total of 22 studies of experimental and quasi-experimental studies were separately analyzed by the study design using a random-effects model, and the mean effect…

The use of writing instruction strategies has become increasingly common in English language learning, particularly among students with learning disabilities (LD). However, there remains a lack of comprehensive categorization of effective writing instruction models for both first language (L1) and second language (L2) students with LD. This study…

Background/purpose. Students with learning disabilities (SLDs), bilingual learners (BLs), and English language learners (ELLs) represent heterogeneous groups. With the rising number of SLDs and the expansion of English as a second language instruction in Saudi elementary schools, a critical challenge emerges: How can learning disabilities (LDs) be…

This paper examines the ethical and legal considerations in providing services to multilingual learners (MLs) before special education evaluations, focusing on the decision-making process within Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS). Legal mandates require districts to ensure MLs have equitable access to the general education curriculum and are…