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Yilun Ding; William Choi – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2025
Background music with lyrics can be a prevalent distraction in environments where people study or read while music plays. However, such effects on reading comprehension across different language contexts remain insufficiently investigated. Guided by the duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction and the semantic-interference hypothesis, the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Sino Tibetan Languages, English (Second Language), Native Language