Multitasking abilities are vital for conducting flight missions. Traditional theories of multitasking suggest that cognitive resources represent a determining factor of said performance. The current study takes a different approach by investigating how the stability-flexibility-dilemma of cognitive control influences multitasking performance in a…

Previous research suggests that statistical learning enhances memory for self-related information at the individual level and that individuals exhibit better memory for partner-related items than they do for irrelevant items in joint contexts (i.e., the joint memory effect, JME). However, whether statistical learning improves memory for…

Research shows that bilingual learners move naturally between their languages to learn; however, this practice is not welcomed in many second/foreign language classrooms given the belief that first language (L1) use negatively affects second language (L2) development, despite much empirical evidence to the contrary. Moreover, translanguaging…

Previous studies have insufficiently explored the influence of task and interpersonal interdependence on synchronous cooperation behavior. To address this gap, this study utilized fNIRS hyperscanning technique to investigate the behavioral and neural mechanisms within both friend and stranger dyads engaging in various levels of interdependent…

Research on collaborative learning of computer science has been conducted primarily in programming. This paper extends this area by including short tasks (such as those used in contests like the Bebras Challenge) that cover many other computer science topics. The aim of this research is to explore how problem-solving in pairs differs from…

Collaborative learning plays an instrumental role in productive engineering design, during which students employ multiple communication channels simultaneously to co-construct and negotiate ideas. However, existing literature on the design process mostly focused on students' verbal discussion, overlooking hand gestures during design discourses.…

This mixed-methods case study investigates learner engagement during pair work, focusing on four key aspects--behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and social engagement--and how these relate to task performance. The study included 60 university students (34 females, 26 males) learning English as a second language, who collaborated in pairs on a…

Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) offers a modern setting for learners to engage in meaningful (meta)cognitive and socioemotional interactions. However, the task design, not technology alone, significantly shapes students' learning interactions. This study investigates how a conceptual physics task and a hands-on robotics task…

The authors wondered if there was a way to support their reluctant Grades 4, 5, and 6 students in contributing their starting points and strategies and advancing their collective knowledge. They wanted to ensure that the students had the space to develop and take ownership of the strategies they produced through a visual representation of ideas…

This study qualitatively develops further understandings regarding knowledge and identity construction within computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research by applying discourse analysis and the dialogical self theory (DST) to investigate the role of interpersonal and intrapersonal voices in facilitating knowledge construction. We…

This study examines how task instruction and task appraisals predict engagement and disaffection in classroom moments. We assessed 2,560 momentary survey responses from 124 Finnish 7th grade students using a within-person analytical approach. The results showed that students were more engaged during active instruction and when they had choice in…

Although research demonstrates benefits of collaboration in problem-solving, less is known about how different formats impact learning and cognitive engagement. This study compared in-person and virtual collaboration to individual problem-solving by measuring performance and cognitive engagement, using heart rate variability (HRV). Participants…

Group diversity is an active topic in research as studies examine how differences in background, culture, job position, gender, and ethnicity can all impact group creativity. One relatively overlooked component is how diversity in academic knowledge affects group and individual creativity. In this study, 56 graduate students from a research…

This study sets out to explore how trainee teachers engage with each other in an initial synchronous virtual exchange task. We adopt Gijsen's (2021) task engagement parameter of partner orientation in combination with multimodal (inter)action analysis (Norris, 2004) to investigate how different verbal and coverbal modes contribute to establishing…

The teaching of the grammar of a second/foreign language has always been an issue that different teaching methods have considered. Studies in the field of second language acquisition (SLA) have shown that mere exposure to meaningful second language input is not enough for learners to reach proficiency in the target language. At beginner…